Infected femoral pseudoaneurysms in intravenous drug abusers: a decade of experience from a Singapore tertiary centre

INTRODUCTION@#A pseudoaneurysm (or false aneurysm) is a haematoma that communicates with an artery through a disruption in the arterial wall. The femoral artery is the most common injection site among drug users, and infected femoral pseudoaneurysms are the most common vascular complications.@*METHODS@#A retrospective review of medical records of intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs) who presented with infected femoral pseudoaneurysms from January 2006 to December 2016 was carried out. Patients who had pseudoaneurysms due to other aetiologies or trauma were excluded.@*RESULTS@#A total of 27 patients with infected femoral pseudoaneurysms were identified. The majority were male (92.6%) and of Malay ethnicity (55.6%). Median age was 50 (range 31-62) years. Commonly abused drugs were buprenorphine (or Subutex; 59.3%) and midazolam (or Dormicum; 51.9%). Groin pain and swelling (100.0%), fever (66.7%) and presence of a pulsatile mass (51.9%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Diagnosis was confirmed via computed tomography angiography in all patients. 25 patients underwent upfront arterial ligation with debridement, among whom three patients required concurrent surgical revascularisation. Only two patients underwent ultrasonography-guided thrombin injection - one eventually required surgery and the other was lost to follow-up. Postoperative complications included wound infection (42.3%), bleeding (11.5%) and necrotising fasciitis eventually resulting in limb loss (3.8%). There were no associated mortalities.@*CONCLUSION@#Infected pseudoaneurysms in IVDAs pose a unique challenge to vascular surgeons. We found that simple ligation and debridement was a safe and effective option for such patients.

Verification of accuracy of warfarin stable dose prediction models in Shandong population / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the accuracy of five warfarin-dosing algorithms and warfarin stable dose model (2.5 mg/day) for Shandong population.@*METHODS@#One hundred and twenty five patients who achieved stable warfarin dose were enrolled. Clinical and genetic data were used to evaluate the value of each algorithm by calculating the percentage of patients whose predicted warfarin dose was within 20% of the actual stable therapeutic dose and mean absolute error (MAE).@*RESULTS@#The frequency of patients with CYP2C9*1/*1, CYP2C9*1/*3 and CYP2C9*1/*2 genotype was 92.00%, 7.20%, 0.80%, respectively. That of VKORC1-1639 AA, AG and GG genotype was 82.40%, 15.20%, 2.40%, respectively. CYP4F2*1/*1, *1/*3, *3/*3 genotype was 50.40%, 39.20%, 10.40%, respectively. With the same genotypes for other loci, patients who carried at least one VKORC1-16398G mutant allele had increased warfarin stable daily dose compared with VKORC1-1639AA. Compared with CYP4F2*1/*1, those carrying at least one CYP4F2*3 mutant allele had warfarin stable daily dose increased by 5.9%-13.00%. The percentage of ideal prediction calculated from IWPC model (59.20%), Huang model (57.60%) and Ohno model (52.80%) were higher than others. The MAE were 0.35 (95%CI: 0.11-0.49), 0.15 (95%CI: 0.10-0.32), 0.39 (95%CI: 0.12-0.51), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The polymorphisms of CYP2C9, VKORC1 and CYP4F2 genes can influence the stable dose of warfarin in Shandong population. IWPC algorithm is suitable for guiding the use of warfarin in this population.

Common errors analysis on measuring the APPLS related future liver remnant with CT′s image post-processing software / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To explore whether CT image post-processing software can accurately measure (associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy, ALPPS) related (future liver remnant, FLR).Methods:Clinical data of 9 liver cancer patients undergoing ALPPS were retrospectively analyzed in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from Mar 2015 to May 2019. All cases were divided into 2 groups by measurement: CT′s image post-processing software, or Myrian software. Two groups were compared with each other by paired t-test. Results:FLR from group CT′s image post-processing software was larger than that by Myrian software, there was statistical difference ( t=2.512, P=0.019). The mistakes of FLR measurements by the radiologist using CT′s image post-processing software couldbe caused by: (1)Lacking theoretical knowledge of liver surgery; (2) Adding devitalized tissue of hepatic section into future liver remnant; (3) Concept confusion about liver anatomy; (4) Lack of precision measurement. Conclusions:The inaccuracies generated during the ALPPS related future liver remnant measurements in CT′s image post-processing technique are all caused by human factors. These problems could be solved if the radiologist who operates 3D reconstruction receives liver surgery training or works with liver surgeons.

Colonization of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 In Mice Intestinal Tract / 肠外与肠内营养

Objective:Effect of gut microbiota on human health has become a hotspot in recent years with the emergence of new microbial technology.B.bifidum is a traditional probiotics and has been widely used in food and medicine.But the metabolism and function of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 has not been well documented.To investigate colonization and growth of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 in mice intestine,fecal B.bifidum concentrations were analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.Methods:Female C57BL/6 mice were orally gavaged with eigher a single dose of 1 × 109 CFU B.bifidum ATCC 29521 or continuous doses of 1 × 109/day for 3 weeks.Feces were collected at 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,16,20,24 h and at 10,7,14,21,24,28 d,respectively.Total DNA was isolated from the feces using the Qiagen DNA stool extraction kit according to the manufacturer's instructions.The linear standard curve was established by each dilution degrees of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 and their corresponding CT values.The curve equation was y =0.1835x + 9.0628 and R2 was 0.9994.The concentration of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 in mice feces were calculated by substituted CT values obtained by RT-PCR into the curve equation.Results:The curves of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 concentration rose at first and then reduced gradually.In single dose group,the concentration of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 began to increase at 4h after oral gavage,reaching its peak 6.0 × 107 CFU/g at 10h and then decreased gradually.The biggest drop occurred at the period between 12 h and 16 h after B.bifidum treatment.In successive administration group,the concentration rose at the highest rate in the first week when it achieved 2.0 × 107CFU/g and kept on inceasing to 1.0 × 108CFU/g in the next week.However,the concentration did not rose up significantly in the third week.It means that the concentration of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 in mice intestine reached platform in the second week after oral gavage.The concentration of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 significantly decreased at 24h and one week after B.bifidum treatment course in two group repectively and was still higher than baseline before oral gavage.Conclusion:Once the B.bifidum ATCC 29521 supplement was discontinued,the concentration fell down in short time.B.bifidum ATCC 29521 could not sustain colonization and growth in mice intestine without external supplement.It is necessary to provide daily supplemention for at least two weeks and to keep on in order to maintain sufficient concentration.

Immunoregulation by airway epithelial cells (AECs) against respiratory virus infection / 解放军医学杂志

The respiratory tract is primary contact site of the body and environment,and it is ventilated by 10-20 thousand liters of air per day.Inevitably,the respiratory system comes into contact with airborne microbes,which contain the disease-causing pathogens.Airway epithelial cells (AECs) are known to have innate sensor functions,which are similar to the "professional" immune cells,such as alveolar macrophage and sub-or intra-epithelial dendritic cells (DCs).Thus AECs are able to detect invading microbial danger including different types of respiratory viruses,and mount a potent host response,for example,activating type Ⅰ interferon signaling pathway genes.To avoid chronic inflammation and maintain the immunological homeostasis,the pulmonary system has developed intrinsic mechanisms to control local immune responses.Most recently,the role of AECs in control of local immunity has gained much attention,as 1) AECs express the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs),such as Toll-like receptors,retinoic acid inducible gene Ⅰ (RIG-Ⅰ)-like receptor,and so on,thus AECs are equipped to Participate in innate detection of microbial encounter;2) To keep immunological homeostasis in the respiratory tract,AECs behave not only as innate immune sensors but also as immune modulators in parallel,through modulating the sensitivity of innate immune sensing of both AECs per se and sub-or intra-epithelial immune cells;3) Loss of modularity capacity of AECs might be involved in the development of chronic airway diseases.In present review,how the AECs act will be intensively discussed in response to respiratory viruses and modulate the local immunity through cis-and trans-factors (direct and indirect factors),as well as the consequence of impairment of this control of local immunity,in the development and exacerbation of airway diseases,such as acute and chronic rhinosinusitis.

Survival of BCLC-B hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver resection combined with microwave coagulation therapy vs transarterial chemoembolization / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To explore the prognosis of patients with BCLC-B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving LR + MCT vs TACE.Methods BCLC-B HCC patients undergoing LR + MCT (107 cases) and TACE (65 cases) were retrospectively evaluated,in terms of 30-day mortality rate,the median survival,early and long term survival rate and complications.Results The hospital mortality rate was similar between the two groups (x2 =0.285,P =0.593).However,the LR + MCT group were with a significantly higher postoperative complication rate than the TACE group (x2 =4.694,P =0.03).At the same time,the LR + MCT group had significantly higher median Survival rates (x2 =9.135,P =0.003),but,there was no statistical difference for five-year survival (x2 =4.767,P =0.434).Conclusions LR + MCT are as safe as TACE for patients with BCLC-B HCC,and it provides longer median survival rates.

Advances in the Avellino corneal dystrophy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Avellino corneal dystrophy(ACD) is an autosomal dominant eye disorder caused by mutation of R124H in the transforming growth factor-beta induced gene (TGFBI) on chromosome 5,which was responsible for accumulating of abnormal TGFBI.Although the underlying mechanism by which mutations cause abnormal TGFBI deposition is not yet clear,but we have a better understanding of the etiology and possible pathogenesis of corneal dystrophy with the rapid development of human genetics and molecular biology,and summarizes the current achievement of this disease and understand the roles of TGFBI and its interaction with Periostin,which may contribute to further research in ACD.

Recent advances on the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Seen from the development of the treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),although great progress has been made on the optimization of the treatment,the patients' overall survival (OS) has not been greatly improved compared with other tumors of digestive system such as colorectal cancer.That is mainly because of the early microvascular invasion (MIV) and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) which are among the most important reasons for poor prognosis in HCC.Thus we overviewed the recent research findings on the treatment of HCC with PVTT,which might help the clinicians select the optimal therapeutic strategy.

Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy: treatment with repeat hepatectomy,followed by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy but with or without portal vein chemotherapy / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the results of repeat hepatectomy,followed by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT),but with or without portal vein chemotherapy (PVC) in patients with recurrence of hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) after partial hepatectomy.Methods The data of 33 patients were analyzed retrospectively.All these patients received repeat hepatectomy.They were then divided into two groups:the PVC group (n =19) was treated with PVC + TACE + PMCT,and the non-PVC group (n =14) with TACE + PMCT.Results For the 33 patients,13 (39.4％) developed tumor recurrence ＞2 years from the initial resection while 20 patients (60.6％) developed recurrence within ≤ 2 years.The tumor recurrence consisted of local recurrence in 14 patients (42.4％),and heterochronous recurrence in 19 patients (57.6％).There was a significantly difference in the cumulative survival rates between the two groups (x2 =4.319; P =0.038).The 1y,3y,5y survival rates were 84.2％,42.1％,31.6％ in the PVC Group,and 71.4％,28.6％,14.3％ in the Non-PVC Group respectively.28 sessions of PMCT and 97 sessions of TACE were performed postoperatively (the medians were 1,0.5; 3,3 respectively,the mean ranks were 17.68,16.07; 15.05,19.64 respectively,and the P values were 0.612,0.163 respectively between the two groups).Conclusions For patients with recurrence of HCC after hepatic resection,after repeat hepatectomy PVC + TACE + PMCT gave better survival than those with TACE + PMCT but without PVC.

Application of radiofrequency ablation in anatomical hepatectomy / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate radiofrequency ablation in anatomical hepatectomy.Methods The clinical data of 57 patients undergoing anatomical hepatectomy with radiofrequency ablation (radiofrequency ablation group) from Jul 2010 to May 2013 in Tangdu Hospital were compared with those 57 cases using traditional clamp crushing resection during the same period.Results There was no mortality perioperatively.Intraoperative duration of liver dissection,haemorrhage volume of liver dissection,blood transfusion volume,Pringle manoeuvre,postoperative alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the third and fifth day in the radiofrequency ablation group were (65 ±30) min,(195 ± 107) ml,(150 ±80) ml,7 cases (12.3％),(309 ±226) U/L and (164 ±82) U/L respectively,which were statistically different from those of (50 ±40) min,(255 ± 180) ml,(205 ± 120) ml,45 (78.9％),(388 ± 174) U/L and (220 ± 156) U/L in clamp crushing resection group (seperately t =2.266,-2.158,-2.880,x2 =51.060,t =-2.090,-2.403,all P ＜ 0.05).Large branches of hepatic vein (caliber ≥ 7 mm) were injuried by mistake 7 times in radiofrequency group,there was no massive blood loss.Postoperative biliary fistula developed in two cases.There was no ablation included thrombus.In radiofrequency group,and Pringle manoeuvre was used in hemihepatic resection in 7 patients.Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation is not recommended to dissecting large caliber vessels (≥ 7 mm) for fear of causing thrombus.Radiofrequency ablation in anatomical hepatectomy,when used properly,is safe and effective.

Early prognosis judgment in adult recipients after first liver transplantation / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To judge the prognosis of adult recipients after first liver transplantation by stepwise discriminant analysis,and screen out the main influencing factors.Methods The clinical data of 221 patients who received liver transplantation at the Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 218 patients who met the criteria were divided into the training samples (188 patients admitted from August 2004 to June 2010) and checking samples (30 patients admitted from July 2010 to February 2011),and then all patients were re-divided into dead group (survival time ≤ 90 days,34 patients) and surviving group (survival time ＞ 90 days,184 patients).Factors which had significant difference after the univariate analysis was further analyzed by the stepwise discriminant analysis method.All data were analyzed by the t test,rank sum test,chi-square test or Fisher exact probability test.Results The ages of the recipients in the dead group and the living group were (54 ± 11)years and (51 ± 11)years,respectively,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-1.681,P ＞ 0.05).The preoperative levels of hemoglobin in the dead group and the living group were 106.7 g/L and 119.2 g/L,respectively,with a significant difference between the 2 groups (t =2.809,P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in the levels of serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,albumin,total bilirubin,indirect bilirubin,Na+,prothrombin time,activated partial thromboplastin time,international normalized ratio,fibrinogen,prothrombin activity,platelet,nutrition risk index,model for end-stage liver disease score,number of patients with preoperative hepatic encephalopathy (HE),preoperative hepatorenal syndrome (HRS),preoperative digestive tract bleeding,preoperative infection,preoperative diabetes,Child-Turcotte-Pugh score,cardiac function classification and anesthesia risk rating operation time,anhepatic time,volume of intraoperative blood transfusion,volume of peritoneal effusion ; intraoperative urine output,between the 2 groups (Z =-2.277,-2.595,-3.290,-3.486,-2.562,-2.577,-3.670,-3.882,-3.625,-3.557,-3.837,-1.974,-3.693,-3.815,x2 =19.632,9.756,28.143,Z =-4.175,-3.905,-4.865,-3.564,-5.822,P ＜ 0.05).Preoperative HE,preoperative HRS,duration of operation,intraoperative blood transfusion and intraoperative volume of urine were the independent influencing factors of early prognosis after liver transplantation.The standardized partial regression coefficients were 0.146,0.188,0.257,0.181,-0.340,89.9％ (169/188) of the training samples and 90.0％ (27/30) of the checking samples were correctly classified.Conclusion Based on factors including HRS,HE,intraoperative blood transfusion,intraoperative volume of urine and duration of operation,the early prognosis can be judged in adult recipients after first liver transplantation.

Risk factors of severe intrahepatic cholestasis during early period after liver transplantation / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To investigate the risk factors of severe intrahepatic cholestasis during early period after liver transplantation.Methods The clinical data of 225 patients who received orthotopic liver transplantation at the Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University from August 2004 to February 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into positive group (60 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis) and negative group (165 patients without intrahepatic cholestasis).Preoperative,intraoperative and postoperative factors of the 2 groups were compared via t test,chi-square test,Wilcoxon test or Logistic regression analysis.Results The proportion of patients with hepatic cirrhosis,hepatic encephalopathy integral,ascites integral,international normalized ratio,and the levels of prothrombin time (PT),total bilirubin (TBil),aspartate aminotransferase of the positive group before operation were significantly higher than those in the negative group (x2 =6.09,Z =2.22,2.60,2.46,2.84,4.81,3.42,P ＜ 0.05),while the levels of albumin,Na +,K +,hemoglobin,platelet (PLT) of the positive group in the operation were significantly higher than those in the negative group (t =2.10,4.97,Z =2.49,t =3.51,Z =3.66,P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of compatible blood type of the donors and recipients,ratio of fatty liver graft,cold ischemia time,relative warm ischemia time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative transfusion of red blood cells,PLT,and cryoprecipitate of the positive group after the operation were significantly higher than those in the negative group (x2 =4.29,13.11,Z =2.45,2.61,3.75,3.20,2.89,3.95,P ＜0.05).The incidences of acute rejection,hepatic artery embolism,pulmonary infection,bacteraemia,fungal infection and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection were significantly higher than those in the negative group (x2 =9.87,4.91,8.21,6.29,3.92,9.26,P ＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis revealed that preoperative level of TBil ＞ 51.3 μmol/L,fatty of the liver graft,intraoperative transfusion of cryoprecipitate,postoperative acute rejection,hepatic artery embolism,postoperative pulmonary infection,bacteraemia,CMV infection were independent risk factors of severe inrahepatic cholestasis (OR =15.82,7.99,2.88,3.03,53.20,3.34,4.11,3.22,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of severe intrahepatic cholestasis was significantly lower in patients with higher level of PLT and longer PT (OR =0.33,0.25,P ＜ 0.05).The mortality rates of the positive group and negative group at 6 months after the operation were 41.7％ (25/60) and 19.4％ (32/165),and the mortality rate of the positive group was significantly higher (x2 =11.54,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Correction of poor clinical status before liver transplantation,reinforcement of infection control and anti-rejection may reduce the incidences of complications and decrease the associated early mortality.

Prognostic relevant fators of liver transplantation in adults with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective analysis / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the prognostic relevant factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in recipients following liver transplantation (LT).Methods The clinical data of 147 cases of HCC undergoing LT between Aug. 2004 and Feb. 2011 in Nanfang Hospital were studied retrospectively.Those of significance in 14 relevant factors involving gender,age,blood-type,CTP,model of end-stage liver disease (MELD),alpha-fetoprotein (AFP),tumor number,cumulative diameter of tumor,tumor occupying proportion of the liver,bilobar involvement,envelope invasion,macrovascular invasion,and microvascular invasion (MVI),HCC histology differentiation,which were based on univariate analysis with Log-Rank,were analyzed by means of Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model to screen out independently relevant ones.Results 143 cases were followed up.The follow-up duration ranged from 6 to 84 months.The 1- and 3-year cumulative survival rate was 75.2％ and 54.7％ respectively.The tumor free 1- and 3-year cumulative survival rate was 70％ and 59％ respectively.Univariate ananlysis revealed that age,AFP,tumor number,cumulative diameter of tumor,tumor occupying proportion of the liver,bilobar involvement,envelope invasion,macrovascular invasion,and MVI had significant difference, In a Cox model,MVI,macrovascular invasion and AFP≥ 400 μg/L were independent prognostic factors.Conclusion MVI,macrovascular invasion and AFP are the main prognostic risk fators.Intervention and non-tumor technique should be performed preoperatively and intraoperatively,respectively.

Evaluation on the relationship between pregnancy associated plasma protein-a and intravascular ultrasound detected culprit coronary plaque morphology in patients with unstable angina / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the relationship between pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and culprit coronary plaque morphology in patients with unstable angina (UA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-eight UA patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound were included in this study. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique was used to assay the circulating PAPP-A. Plaque characteristics of culprit lesion were analyzed for UA patients with various PAPP-A levels.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PAPP-A level was significantly higher in high-risk UA than in non-high-risk UA [(19.9 ± 20.1) mIU/L vs. (6.9 ± 5.7) mIU/L, P = 0.002]. Optimal threshold of PAPP-A to predict high-risk UA was determined as 11.0 mIU/L with a sensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 77.5%. Patients with higher PAPP-A level (≥ 11.0 mIU/L) was associated with larger external elastic membrane cross-sectional area, plaque area and more plaque burden compared with patients with lower PAPP-A level (all P < 0.01). Positive remodeling, attenuated plaque and plaque rupture were significantly more often in patients with higher PAPP-A than in patients with lower PAPP-A level (all P < 0.01). PAPP-A ≥ 11.0 mIU/L (OR = 5.921, P = 0.014) and attenuated plaque (OR = 7.541, P = 0.038) were independent risk predictors for high-risk UA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PAPP-A was associated with instability of culprit plaque in UA patients. PAPP-A ≥ 11.0 mIU/L and attenuated plaque were independent predictors for high-risk UA.</p>

Expression of COX-2, E-ca and VEGF-c in colorectal cancer and its significance / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To study the expression of cyclooxygenase-2,epithelial cadherin and vascular endothelial growth factor-c in colorectal cancer and its significance. Methods Seventy-seven patients with colorectal cancer were detected the expression of COX-2, E-ca nd VEGF-c by immunohistochemical SP method. Results COX-2 positive expression in colorectal cancer tissue was 24.7%; E-ca positive expression rate of 68.8%; VEGF-c expression rate of 84.4%. COX-2 in highly differentiated cancer tissues was significantly higher than in poorly differentiated ones (P ＜0. 05); E-ca in the tubular adenocarcinoma was higher than in the mucous glands cancer and other types of cancer ( P ＜ 0. 05 ); The Positive expression rate of E-ca in the stage Ⅰ + Ⅱ was significantly higher than stage Ⅲ + Ⅳ (P ＜0. 005). COX-2 protein expression and VEGF-c expression was negatively correlated (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Combined detection of COX-2,VEGF-c and E-ca is helpful to recognize the occurrence, development and tratment of colorectal cancer.

Effective Supervision of Teaching Quality in Medical College with Scientific Methods / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Eestablishing a scientific supervision system is essential to achieve a better environment for teaching and learning and improve teaching quality in medical college.We took undergraduate education evaluation as an important supervising subject and made a scientific evaluation program for teaching,learning,and testing,based on specific features of medical college.The practice of the program proves to be successful.We present the main contents in this article.

The Anti-Inflammation Effect of Atorvastatin on Myocardial Hypertrophy Caused by Pressure Overload / 中华高血压杂志

Background A multitude of studies reported statins prevent the myocardial hypertrophy induced by pressure overload,but the mechanism is unclear.Objective To study the protective effect of atorvastatin on the myocardial hypertrophy caused by pressure overload and it's anti-inflammation effect.Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomized to untreated group(n=10),atorvastatin group(2 mg/kg?d,by gavage,n=10),sham op- eration group(n=10)and control group(n=10).Ventricular hypertrophy model was achieved by surgical con- stricting the abdominal aorta.All rats were sacrificed 8 weeks after the operation and the heart weight to body ratio,left ventricular weight to body ratio,and the size of cardiomyocyte were determined.The expressions of interleukin 18(IL-18)and cardiotrophin 1(CT-1)in the cadiocyte were assessed by reverse transcription polymer- ase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Compared with control group,SBP in myocardial hypertrophy group was significantly increased(174?9 vs control 112?15 mmHg,P

Effect of Nano-?-Linolenic Acid on Expression of Cathepsin B in Mice with Viral Myocarditis / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of nano-?-linolenic acid on the expression of cathepsin B(CB) in mice with viral myocarditis(VM).Methods Eighty male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,myocarditis group,low-dose intervention group and high-dose intervention group,each group had 20 mice.Mice in control group were inoculated introperitoneally with eagle′s solution,every mouse in the last 3 groups was treated with 0.1 mL Coxsackie B3 virus(CVB3) intraperitoneally.Then,mice in low-dose intervention group and high-dose intervention group were treated with 60 mg?kg-1and 180 mg?kg-1 nano-?-linolenic acid solution for 7 days,respectively.Mice in control group and myocarditis group were treated with 9 g?L-1 saline for 7 days.All mice were killed on the 15th day,and the specimens of hearts and serum were conserved.Myocardial histopathology was determined with hematoxylin and eosin stain.The expression levels of myocardial CB mRNA were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Serum CB concentration was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The mortality rate was 0,45%,30% and 20% in control group,myocarditis group,low-dose intervention group and high-dose intervention group,respectively;the mortality rate was significantly lower in high-dose intervention group compared with myocarditis group(P0.05).The expression level of CB mRNA and serum CB concentration were markedly higher in myocarditis group than those in control group(Pa